by
DAVID E. ELDER, M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.P.A.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
and
GEORGE F. MURPHY, M.D.
Department of Dermatology
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
1 Melanocytes and Their Tumors
2 Benign Melanocytic Tumors (Nevi)
2.1 Common Acquired Melanocytic Nevi
2.1.1 Lentigo Simplex
2.1.2 Junctional Melanocytic Nevus
2.1.3 Compound Melanocytic Nevus
2.1.4 Dermal Melanocytic Nevus
2.2 Variants of Acquired Nevi
2.2.1 Halo Nevus
2.2.2 Combined Nevus
2.2.3 Nevus of Genital Skin
2.2.4 Deep Penetrating Nevus
2.2.5 Recurrent Melanocytic Nevus
2.2.6 Miscellaneous Variants of Cutaneous Nevi
2.3 Spindle and Epithelioid Cell Nevi
2.3.1 Spindle and Epithelioid Cell Nevus (Spitz Nevus)
2.3.2 Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus of Reed
2.4 Blue Nevi
2.4.1 Common Blue Nevus
2.4.2 Cellular Blue Nevus
2.5 Dermal Melanocytoses
2.5.1 Nevus of Ota
2.6 Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
2.6.1 Small Congenital Nevi
2.6.2 Intermediate and Giant Congenital Nevi
2.6.3 Proliferative Dermal Lesions in Congenital Nevi
2.7 Dysplastic Melanocytic Nevi
2.7.1 Junctional and Compound Dysplastic Nevi
3 Malignant Tumors (Melanomas and Related Lesions)
3.1 Tumor Progression Phases and Classification
3.1.1 Radial Growth Phase Melanoma (Nontumorigenic In Situ and/or
Microinvasive Melanoma)
3.1.2 Vertical Growth Phase Melanoma (Tumorigenic Melanoma)
3.2 Common Variants of Melanoma
3.2.1 Superficial Spreading Melanoma
3.2.2 Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
3.2.3 Acral-Lentiginous Melanoma
3.2.4 Mucosal-Lentiginous Melanoma
3.2.5 Nodular Melanoma
3.3 Prognostic Models for Common Melanomas
3.3.1 Staging and Microstaging of Malignant Melanoma
3.3.2 Pathology of Microstaging Attributes
3.3.3 A Survival Model Based on Tumor Progression
3.3.4 TNM Staging System for Melanoma
3.4 Unusual Forms of Melanoma and Related Primary Tumors
3.4.1 Desmoplastic Melanoma
3.4.2 Neurotropic Melanoma and Melanomas With Neurotropism
3.4.3 Malignant Blue Nevus
3.4.4 Malignant Melanomas in Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
3.4.5 Minimal Deviation Melanoma
3.4.6 Dermal Melanocytic Tumors of Uncertain Potential
3.4.7 Clear Cell Sarcoma
3.4.8 Malignant Melanocytic Schwannoma
3.5 Metastatic Malignant Melanoma
3.5.1 General Features
3.5.2 Special Studies for Diagnosis of Oligomelanotic Melanoma
3.5.3 Epidermotropic Metastatic Melanoma
3.5.4 Satellites and In Transit Metastases
3.5.5 Dermal and Subcutaneous Metastases
4 Non-Neoplastic Hyperpigmentations
4.1 Ephelids (Freckles)
4.1.1 Simple Ephelid
4.1.2 Solar (Actinic) Lentigo
4.2 Miscellaneous Hyperpigmentations
4.2.1 Mucosal Melanosis (Genital Lentiginosis)
4.2.2 Café au Lait Spot
4.2.3 Becker's Nevus
5 Index